Toscana, alberghi motore dell'economia turistica

18/05/2023

L'86% dei consumi turistici regionali è generato dagli ospiti delle strutture alberghiere, il resto è legato alle presenze non registrate, che spesso alloggiano nel circuito degli affitti brevi. Lo rivela l’indagine di Federalberghi, che mette a confronto i due modelli turistici (hotel e affitti brevi). Il presidente di Federalberghi Toscana Daniele Barbetti: “gli alberghi sono il motore di un’economia dagli effetti espansivi, che richiede aziende strutturate. Nelle locazioni brevi ci si limita a consegna chiavi e pulizia finale delle camere”. Il direttore di Confcommercio Toscana Franco Marinoni: “auspicabili più controlli per far emergere le presenze “sommerse”. Altrimenti è impossibile gestire bene i flussi turistici”

Ammonta a oltre 6,6 miliardi di euro la spesa per consumi turistici sviluppata nel 2022 nel circuito della ricettività toscana, di cui l’85,9% (5,7 miliardi di euro) prodotta dalle presenze registrate e il resto da quelle “non osservate”, ovvero ignote alle statistiche ufficiali, che spesso alloggiano nel circuito degli affitti brevi. 

 

La stima arriva dall’ultima indagine effettuata da Sociometrica per Federalberghi-Confcommercio, che ha voluto mettere a confronto due diversi modelli di sviluppo turistico locale: gli alberghi e il circuito degli affitti brevi. “Entrambi servono ad offrire ospitalità ai turisti, ma nel primo caso si tratta di una economia d’impresa, nel secondo di un’economia di rendita. Il sistema alberghiero genera un impatto economico maggiore sul territorio, sia a livello di occupazione sia di ricchezza prodotta. Presuppone infatti una macchina aziendale più complessa e strutturata, richiede più investimenti e più figure professionali per poter offrire più servizi”, sottolinea il presidente di Federalberghi Toscana Daniele Barbetti, “il valore di un albergo non sta semplicemente nei suoi fatturati, ma negli effetti espansivi che diffonde sugli altri settori. Una capacità moltiplicativa che invece nel caso degli affitti brevi è molto limitata, visto che in genere si limitano a operazioni come la consegna delle chiavi, la pulizia finale delle camere e la manutenzione ordinaria”.

 

A livello nazionale, i pernottamenti non rilevati, che lo studio di Federalberghi stima al 23,6% dei flussi turistici, generano solo l’11,9% dei consumi e, di conseguenza, un’analoga percentuale nella creazione di ricchezza e di occupazione. L’economia prodotta dalle presenze ufficiali copre invece un valore complessivo che riesce a finanziare oltre un milione di occupati.

 

“A livello toscano - spiega il presidente Barbetti - i pernottamenti non rilevati generano solo il 14,1% dei consumi turistici e sono sviluppati in quel sistema ancora troppo spesso confuso degli affitti brevi, nel quale la Toscana e il suo capoluogo vantano purtroppo dei record negativi”. Con quasi 60mila (59.058) unità locative offerte sul web, la Toscana è infatti la regione con il più alto numero di annunci di locazioni turistiche sul portale Airbnb. Firenze è al terzo posto nella classifica dei comuni turistici con maggiore offerta di alloggi disponibili per affitti brevi (se ne contano 8.454), subito dopo Roma (19.336) e Milano (12.264). La città è terza anche per il loro tasso di occupazione, pari all’83%. Vale a dire che oltre otto posti letto su dieci tra quelli disponibili nella rete degli affitti turistici brevi vengono effettivamente venduti ai turisti. Un tasso di occupazione superiore lo registrano solo Roma (88%) e Positano (84%).

 

“Purtroppo, tra sommerso e ignoranza delle norme, molte delle presenze nel circuito degli affitti brevi restano ignote, mentre quelle negli alberghi sono soggette a dichiarazioni e rilevazioni puntuali”, precisa il direttore di Confcommercio Toscana Franco Marinoni, “in queste condizioni è impossibile gestire i flussi turistici in maniera ponderata. Per questo auspichiamo un aumento dei controlli per far emergere le dimensioni reali della ricettività toscana”.

 

“Questo serve non solo a ripristinare le regole della concorrenza leale – aggiunge il presidente di Federalberghi Toscana Daniele Barbetti - ma anche a comprendere meglio quanto pesa il turismo nell’economia regionale. Ancora troppi lo sottovalutano o pensano di poterlo misurare solo in base al numero degli arrivi e delle presenze. È come se volessimo quantificare l’economia della moda contando solo i capi prodotti, anziché il loro valore effettivo. Funziona così anche nella ricettività: ogni posto letto occupato mette in moto un indotto di dimensioni variabili. E il valore generato da un soggiorno in albergo è superiore di quello legato all’alloggio in un appartamento in affitto”. 

 

STIMA DELLA SPESA PER CONSUMI TURISTICI IN TOSCANA

Presenze non ufficiali      €     937.138.084

Presenze ufficiali               5.690.424.501

Spesa totale                      6.627.562.585

Valore spesa ufficiale in percentuale 85,9

 

Qui il testo integrale dello studio “Alberghi e affitti brevi – modelli di sviluppo locale a confronto”, realizzato da Sociometrica in collaborazione con il CFMT (Centro di Formazione Management del Terziario).

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11
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10
fwrite
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9
Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler streamWrite
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Monolog\Handler\AbstractProcessingHandler handle
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Monolog\Logger addRecord
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Monolog\Logger error
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Illuminate\Log\Writer writeLog
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Illuminate\Foundation\Exceptions\Handler report
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App\Exceptions\Handler report
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Illuminate\Foundation\Bootstrap\HandleExceptions handleException
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  1. "fwrite(): write of 1762 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
    
/var/www/html/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php
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    #6 /var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
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/var/www/html/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php
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/var/www/html/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/AbstractProcessingHandler.php
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        #1 /var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents('/var/www/html/s...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', 2)\n
        #2 /var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\Filesystem\\Filesystem->put('/var/www/html/s...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', true)\n
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/var/www/html/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Logger.php
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        #4 /var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\Session\\Store->save()\n
        #5 /var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
        #6 /var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
        #7 /var/www/html/public/index.php(60): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
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/var/www/html/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Logger.php
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     */
    public function error($message, array $context = array())
    {
        return $this->addRecord(static::ERROR, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Adds a log record at the CRITICAL level.
     *
     * This method allows for compatibility with common interfaces.
     *
     * @param  string $message The log message
     * @param  array  $context The log context
     * @return bool   Whether the record has been processed
     */
    public function crit($message, array $context = array())
    {
        return $this->addRecord(static::CRITICAL, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Adds a log record at the CRITICAL level.
     *
     * This method allows for compatibility with common interfaces.
Arguments
  1. 400
    
  2. "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
    
  3. array:1 [
      "exception" => ErrorException {
        #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
        #code: 0
        #file: "/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
        #line: 122
        #severity: E_NOTICE
      }
    ]
    
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/Writer.php
     * @return void
     */
    public function write($level, $message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->writeLog($level, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Write a message to Monolog.
     *
     * @param  string  $level
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    protected function writeLog($level, $message, $context)
    {
        $this->fireLogEvent($level, $message = $this->formatMessage($message), $context);
 
        $this->monolog->{$level}($message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a file log handler.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
     * @param  string  $level
     * @return void
     */
    public function useFiles($path, $level = 'debug')
    {
        $this->monolog->pushHandler($handler = new StreamHandler($path, $this->parseLevel($level)));
 
        $handler->setFormatter($this->getDefaultFormatter());
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a daily file log handler.
     *
     * @param  string  $path
Arguments
  1. "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
    
  2. array:1 [
      "exception" => ErrorException {
        #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
        #code: 0
        #file: "/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
        #line: 122
        #severity: E_NOTICE
      }
    ]
    
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/Writer.php
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function critical($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->writeLog(__FUNCTION__, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Log an error message to the logs.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function error($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->writeLog(__FUNCTION__, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Log a warning message to the logs.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function warning($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->writeLog(__FUNCTION__, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Log a notice to the logs.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
Arguments
  1. "error"
    
  2. "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
    
  3. array:1 [
      "exception" => ErrorException {
        #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
        #code: 0
        #file: "/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
        #line: 122
        #severity: E_NOTICE
      }
    ]
    
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Exceptions/Handler.php
     */
    public function report(Exception $e)
    {
        if ($this->shouldntReport($e)) {
            return;
        }
 
        if (method_exists($e, 'report')) {
            return $e->report();
        }
 
        try {
            $logger = $this->container->make(LoggerInterface::class);
        } catch (Exception $ex) {
            throw $e; // throw the original exception
        }
 
        $logger->error(
            $e->getMessage(),
            array_merge($this->context(), ['exception' => $e]
        ));
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine if the exception should be reported.
     *
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return bool
     */
    public function shouldReport(Exception $e)
    {
        return ! $this->shouldntReport($e);
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine if the exception is in the "do not report" list.
     *
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return bool
     */
Arguments
  1. "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
    
  2. array:1 [
      "exception" => ErrorException {
        #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
        #code: 0
        #file: "/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
        #line: 122
        #severity: E_NOTICE
      }
    ]
    
/var/www/html/app/Exceptions/Handler.php
     * A list of the inputs that are never flashed for validation exceptions.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $dontFlash = [
        'password',
        'password_confirmation',
    ];
 
    /**
     * Report or log an exception.
     *
     * This is a great spot to send exceptions to Sentry, Bugsnag, etc.
     *
     * @param  \Exception  $exception
     * @return void
     */
    public function report(Exception $exception)
    {
        parent::report($exception);
    }
 
    /**
     * Render an exception into an HTTP response.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Exception  $exception
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function render($request, Exception $exception)
    {
        return parent::render($request, $exception);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ErrorException {
      #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
      #code: 0
      #file: "/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
      #line: 122
      #severity: E_NOTICE
    }
    
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Bootstrap/HandleExceptions.php
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an uncaught exception from the application.
     *
     * Note: Most exceptions can be handled via the try / catch block in
     * the HTTP and Console kernels. But, fatal error exceptions must
     * be handled differently since they are not normal exceptions.
     *
     * @param  \Throwable  $e
     * @return void
     */
    public function handleException($e)
    {
        if (! $e instanceof Exception) {
            $e = new FatalThrowableError($e);
        }
 
        try {
            $this->getExceptionHandler()->report($e);
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            //
        }
 
        if ($this->app->runningInConsole()) {
            $this->renderForConsole($e);
        } else {
            $this->renderHttpResponse($e);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Render an exception to the console.
     *
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return void
     */
    protected function renderForConsole(Exception $e)
    {
        $this->getExceptionHandler()->renderForConsole(new ConsoleOutput, $e);
Arguments
  1. ErrorException {
      #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
      #code: 0
      #file: "/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
      #line: 122
      #severity: E_NOTICE
    }
    
[internal]
Arguments
  1. ErrorException {
      #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 246 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device"
      #code: 0
      #file: "/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
      #line: 122
      #severity: E_NOTICE
    }
    

Environment & details:

empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Key Value
REDIRECT_HTTPS
"on"
REDIRECT_STATUS
"200"
HTTPS
"on"
HTTP_HOST
"www.confcommercio.toscana.it"
HTTP_USER_AGENT
"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_ACCEPT
"*/*"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING
"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR
"216.73.217.144"
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST
"www.confcommercio.toscana.it"
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PORT
"443"
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO
"https"
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SERVER
"5c871fc76d2d"
HTTP_X_REAL_IP
"216.73.217.144"
PATH
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE
"<address>Apache/2.4.54 (Debian) Server at www.confcommercio.toscana.it Port 80</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE
"Apache/2.4.54 (Debian)"
SERVER_NAME
"www.confcommercio.toscana.it"
SERVER_ADDR
"172.18.0.11"
SERVER_PORT
"80"
REMOTE_ADDR
"172.18.0.2"
DOCUMENT_ROOT
"/var/www/html/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME
"http"
CONTEXT_PREFIX
""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT
"/var/www/html/public"
SERVER_ADMIN
"[no address given]"
SCRIPT_FILENAME
"/var/www/html/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT
"44280"
REDIRECT_URL
"/news/toscana-alberghi-motore-delleconomia-turistica"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE
"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL
"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD
"GET"
QUERY_STRING
""
REQUEST_URI
"/news/toscana-alberghi-motore-delleconomia-turistica"
SCRIPT_NAME
"/index.php"
PHP_SELF
"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT
1776681383.7111
REQUEST_TIME
1776681383
argv
[]
argc
0
Key Value
DB_PASSWORD
"953knS6N@j@4"
MAIL_PORT
"2525"
MAIL_DRIVER
"smtp"
REDIS_PASSWORD
""
HOSTNAME
"54d20b25acbc"
PHP_VERSION
"7.4.33"
APACHE_CONFDIR
"/etc/apache2"
REDIS_HOST
"127.0.0.1"
PHP_INI_DIR
"/usr/local/etc/php"
GPG_KEYS
"42670A7FE4D0441C8E4632349E4FDC074A4EF02D 5A52880781F755608BF815FC910DEB46F53EA312"
PHP_LDFLAGS
"-Wl,-O1 -pie"
PWD
"/var/www/html"
SITE_UID
"2011"
CACHE_DRIVER
"file"
SITE_GID
"2011"
APP_LOG_LEVEL
"debug"
DB_PORT
"3316"
APACHE_LOG_DIR
"/var/log/apache2"
LANG
"C"
PUSHER_APP_CLUSTER
"mt1"
MAIL_USERNAME
""
APP_KEY
"base64:RPBgDgDOkssuiSO31vYoDq1VkDx3nhdZV2zUeSqqCvk="
APP_ENV
"production"
MAIL_PASSWORD
""
APP_DEBUG
"true"
APP_URL
"https://www.confcommercio.toscana.it"
PHP_SHA256
"924846abf93bc613815c55dd3f5809377813ac62a9ec4eb3778675b82a27b927"
APACHE_PID_FILE
"/var/run/apache2/apache2.pid"
PHPIZE_DEPS
"autoconf \t\tdpkg-dev \t\tfile \t\tg++ \t\tgcc \t\tlibc-dev \t\tmake \t\tpkg-config \t\tre2c"
DB_USERNAME
"confcomtos"
PUSHER_APP_ID
""
DB_CONNECTION
"mysql"
DB_HOST
"10.255.0.7"
PHP_URL
"https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.33.tar.xz"
PUSHER_APP_KEY
""
APACHE_RUN_GROUP
"sitegroup"
PUSHER_APP_SECRET
""
APACHE_LOCK_DIR
"/var/lock/apache2"
APP_NAME
"Confcommercio Toscana"
SHLVL
"0"
PHP_CFLAGS
"-fstack-protector-strong -fpic -fpie -O2 -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64"
BROADCAST_DRIVER
"log"
REDIS_PORT
"6379"
APACHE_RUN_DIR
"/var/run/apache2"
APACHE_ENVVARS
"/etc/apache2/envvars"
SESSION_DRIVER
"file"
APACHE_RUN_USER
"siteuser"
PATH
"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
MAIL_ENCRYPTION
""
MAIL_HOST
"smtp.mailtrap.io"
DB_DATABASE
"confcomtos_prod"
SESSION_LIFETIME
"120"
QUEUE_DRIVER
"sync"
PHP_ASC_URL
"https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.33.tar.xz.asc"
PHP_CPPFLAGS
"-fstack-protector-strong -fpic -fpie -O2 -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64"
0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler